Endemic infectious diseases are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Tropical diseases are caused by multiple pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites which are transmitted by mosquitoes, ticks, and flies. Chikungunya, Dengue fever, and West Nile virus are examples of such endemic infectious diseases in the tropics. The (sub-)tropical climate, with warm temperatures and high humidity, creates an ideal environment for the proliferation of pathogens. The diseases cause a variety of symptoms including fever, joint pain, fatigue, and skin rash. In severe cases, tropical diseases can lead to organ failure or even cause death. Tropical diseases can have long-lasting effects on individuals. Diagnosis of Chikungunya, Dengue, and West Nile virus is typically performed with antibody-based assays and rapid-diagnostic tests. Furthermore, molecular tests, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are utilized to identify the ...
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